Coagulation and flocculation is a chemical water treatment technique typically applied prior to sedimentation and filtration to enhance the ability of a treatment process to remove particles. Coagulation and flocculation treatment chemicals are used in effluent wastewater water treatment processes for solids removal, water clarification, lime softening, sludge thickening, and solids dewatering. Coagulation is a process used to neutralize charges and form a gelatinous mass to trap (or bridge) particles thus forming a mass large enough to settle or be trapped in the filter. Flocculation is gentle stirring or agitation to encourage the particles thus formed to agglomerate into masses large enough to settle or be filtered from solution.